TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živančević-Simonović, Snežana
AU  - Đukić, Aleksandar
AU  - Matović, Milovan D.
AU  - Dimitrijević, Ljiljana
PY  - 2004
UR  - http://intor.torlakinstitut.com/handle/123456789/185
AB  - Autoimmune thyroid disease, Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis, cause changing in morphology and function of the thyroid tissue. Graves disease is characterized by an increased synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (hyperthyrosis). Hashimoto fhyroiditis is characterized by the destruction and regeneration of thyroid follicles, which are clinically expressed by symptoms of hypothyrosis. Less frequently, Hashimoto fhyroiditis is expressed by transient thyrotoxicosis (if the destruction of the thyroid gland tissue is extremely emphasized). In order to examine thyroid morphology and function, there are numerous in iga diagnostic methods. Ultrasono graphy enables the examination of the fine structure and vasculanzation of the thyroid gland, and nuclear medicine methods reflect the function of the thyroid tissue. Radioactive iodine uptake is useful in assessment of the ability of thyrocytes to uptake iodide, and scmtigraphy gives the morpho-functional picture of the thyroid gland. Scintigraphy of orbital tissue gives the insight of orbital accumulation of the activated leucocytes. Although modem imaging methods (positron emission tomography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful in assessment of nodular changes in the thyroid gland and retrostemal goiter, these techniques are not widely applied in diagnostic procedures of autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this study we reviewed in vivo diagnostic methods used in the examination of Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis, we considered their significance in the investigation of pathological process in the thyroid gland and we noticed the factors which could influence the results of morphological and functional investigations of the thyroid gland.
AB  - Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde, Gravesova bolest i Hashimoto tireoiditis, prouzrokuju promenu strukture i funkcije tireoidnog tkiva. Gravesovu bolest karakteriše povećana sinteza i oslobađanje tireoidnih hormona (hipemreoza), a Hashimoto tireoiditis destrukcija i regeneracija tireoidnih folikula, koje se klinički ispoljavaju simptomima hipotireoze, a ako je destrukcija tkiva štitaste žlezde veoma izražena, privremeno mogu da se jave i simptomi tireotoksikoze. Da bi se ispitala struktura i funkcija tireoidnog tkiva primenjuju se brojne in vivo dijagnostičke metode. Ultrasonografija daje uvid u finu strukturu i vaskularizaciju štitaste žlezde, a metode nuklearne medicine odslikavaju funkciju tireoidnog tkiva. Testom fiksacije radioaktivnog joda procenjuje se sposobnost tireocita da preuzmu jodid, a scintigrafijom se dobija morfofunkcijska slika štitaste žlezde. Scintigrafijom orbite kod obolelih od Gravesove bolesti ispituje se stepen infiltracije orbitalnog tkiva aktivisanim leukocitima. Iako su savremene imaging metode (pozitronska emisiona tomografija, kompjuterizovana tomografija i magnetna rezonanca) veoma korisne u ispitivanju nodoznih promena u štitastoj žlezdi i substemame strume, te metode nisu značajnije zastupljene u dijagnostici autoimunskih tireoidnih bolesti. U ovom radu su prikazane in vivo dijagnostičke metode koje se koriste u dijagnostici Gravesove bolesti i Hashimoto tireoiditisa, njihov značaj u ispitivanju patološkog procesa u štitastoj žlezdi i faktori koji svojim dejstvom mogu da utiču na rezultate ispitivanja.
PB  - Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac
T2  - Medicus
T1  - Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vivo diagnostics
T1  - Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde - in vivo dijagnostika
EP  - 33
IS  - 1
SP  - 27
VL  - 5
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_185
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živančević-Simonović, Snežana and Đukić, Aleksandar and Matović, Milovan D. and Dimitrijević, Ljiljana",
year = "2004",
abstract = "Autoimmune thyroid disease, Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis, cause changing in morphology and function of the thyroid tissue. Graves disease is characterized by an increased synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (hyperthyrosis). Hashimoto fhyroiditis is characterized by the destruction and regeneration of thyroid follicles, which are clinically expressed by symptoms of hypothyrosis. Less frequently, Hashimoto fhyroiditis is expressed by transient thyrotoxicosis (if the destruction of the thyroid gland tissue is extremely emphasized). In order to examine thyroid morphology and function, there are numerous in iga diagnostic methods. Ultrasono graphy enables the examination of the fine structure and vasculanzation of the thyroid gland, and nuclear medicine methods reflect the function of the thyroid tissue. Radioactive iodine uptake is useful in assessment of the ability of thyrocytes to uptake iodide, and scmtigraphy gives the morpho-functional picture of the thyroid gland. Scintigraphy of orbital tissue gives the insight of orbital accumulation of the activated leucocytes. Although modem imaging methods (positron emission tomography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful in assessment of nodular changes in the thyroid gland and retrostemal goiter, these techniques are not widely applied in diagnostic procedures of autoimmune thyroid diseases. In this study we reviewed in vivo diagnostic methods used in the examination of Graves disease and Hashimoto thyroiditis, we considered their significance in the investigation of pathological process in the thyroid gland and we noticed the factors which could influence the results of morphological and functional investigations of the thyroid gland., Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde, Gravesova bolest i Hashimoto tireoiditis, prouzrokuju promenu strukture i funkcije tireoidnog tkiva. Gravesovu bolest karakteriše povećana sinteza i oslobađanje tireoidnih hormona (hipemreoza), a Hashimoto tireoiditis destrukcija i regeneracija tireoidnih folikula, koje se klinički ispoljavaju simptomima hipotireoze, a ako je destrukcija tkiva štitaste žlezde veoma izražena, privremeno mogu da se jave i simptomi tireotoksikoze. Da bi se ispitala struktura i funkcija tireoidnog tkiva primenjuju se brojne in vivo dijagnostičke metode. Ultrasonografija daje uvid u finu strukturu i vaskularizaciju štitaste žlezde, a metode nuklearne medicine odslikavaju funkciju tireoidnog tkiva. Testom fiksacije radioaktivnog joda procenjuje se sposobnost tireocita da preuzmu jodid, a scintigrafijom se dobija morfofunkcijska slika štitaste žlezde. Scintigrafijom orbite kod obolelih od Gravesove bolesti ispituje se stepen infiltracije orbitalnog tkiva aktivisanim leukocitima. Iako su savremene imaging metode (pozitronska emisiona tomografija, kompjuterizovana tomografija i magnetna rezonanca) veoma korisne u ispitivanju nodoznih promena u štitastoj žlezdi i substemame strume, te metode nisu značajnije zastupljene u dijagnostici autoimunskih tireoidnih bolesti. U ovom radu su prikazane in vivo dijagnostičke metode koje se koriste u dijagnostici Gravesove bolesti i Hashimoto tireoiditisa, njihov značaj u ispitivanju patološkog procesa u štitastoj žlezdi i faktori koji svojim dejstvom mogu da utiču na rezultate ispitivanja.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac",
journal = "Medicus",
title = "Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vivo diagnostics, Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde - in vivo dijagnostika",
pages = "33-27",
number = "1",
volume = "5",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_185"
}

Živančević-Simonović, S., Đukić, A., Matović, M. D.,& Dimitrijević, L.. (2004). Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vivo diagnostics. in Medicus
Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac., 5(1), 27-33.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_185

Živančević-Simonović S, Đukić A, Matović MD, Dimitrijević L. Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vivo diagnostics. in Medicus. 2004;5(1):27-33.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_185 .

Živančević-Simonović, Snežana, Đukić, Aleksandar, Matović, Milovan D., Dimitrijević, Ljiljana, "Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vivo diagnostics" in Medicus, 5, no. 1 (2004):27-33,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_185 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živančević-Simonović, Snežana
AU  - Đukić, Aleksandar
AU  - Matović, Milovan D.
AU  - Dimitrijević, Ljiljana
PY  - 2003
UR  - http://intor.torlakinstitut.com/handle/123456789/158
AB  - In diagnostics of autoimmune thyroid diseases a number of in vitro methods is used to evaluate thyroid function or examine the presence of an tithyroid antibodies which may be included in pathogenesis of the disease or only represent "silent witnesses" of autoimmune processes. During the evaluation of thyroid function serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones are determined and due to these concentrations the diagnosis of manifested or subclinical disturbances of thyroid gland is set. Detection of antibodies specific in dominant thyroid auto antigenes represents confirmation of autoimmune pathogenesis of the disease. The concentration of TSH and thyroid hormones in blood may be influenced by some diseases and drugs, so abnormal values can be detected in absence of diseases of thyroid gland. In the serum of a tested person heterophilic antibodies, rheumatoid factors or other antibodies may occur which reduce the number of specific interactions in the assay, causing increased or decreased concentrations of hormones or autoantibodies. A great number of methods used in in vitro diagnostics differs very much by sensitivity which should be considered during the interpretation of laboratory results. This study presents the most important methods used in diagnostics of autoimmune thyroid diseases.
AB  - U dijagnostici autoimunskih bolesti štitaste žlezde koriste se brojne in vitro metode kojima se procenjuje tireoidna funkcija ili ispituje prisustvo antitireoidnih autoantitela koja mogu biti uključena u patogenezu bolesti ili samo predstavljati "neme svedoke" autoimunskog procesa. Pri proceni funkcije štitaste žlezde određuju se serumske koncentracije tireostimulišućeg (TSH) i tireoidnih hormona i na osnovu njihove koncentracije postavlja dijagnoza ispoljenih ili subkliničkih poremećajafunkcije štitaste žlezde (hipertireoze ili hipotireoze). Potvrdu autoimunske patogeneze bolesti predstavlja detekcija antitela specifičnih za dominantne tireoidne autoantigene (receptor za TSH, tireoidnu peroksida zuitireoglobulin). Na koncentraciju TSH i tireoidnih hormona u krvi mogu uticati neka fiziološka stanja, bolesti i lekovi, tako da se abnormalne vrednosti mogu detektovati i u odsustvu bolesti štitaste žlezde. U serumu ispitanika mogu biti prisutna heterofilna anti tela, reumatoidni faktori ili druga auto anti tela koja smanjuju broj specifičnih interakcija u testu prouzrokujući povećanu ili smanjenu koncentraciju hormona ili autoantitela. Veliki broj metoda koje se koriste u in vitro dijagnostici veoma se razlikuju prema osetljivosti, što treba imati u vidu prilikom interpretacije laboratorijskih rezultata. U ovom radu su prikazane najvažnije metode koje se koriste u dijagnostici autoimunskih bolesti štitaste žlezde: Graves-ove bolesti i Hashimoto tireoiditisa.
PB  - Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac
T2  - Medicus
T1  - Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vitro diagnostics
T1  - Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde - in vitro dijagnostika
EP  - 30
IS  - 2
SP  - 23
VL  - 4
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_158
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živančević-Simonović, Snežana and Đukić, Aleksandar and Matović, Milovan D. and Dimitrijević, Ljiljana",
year = "2003",
abstract = "In diagnostics of autoimmune thyroid diseases a number of in vitro methods is used to evaluate thyroid function or examine the presence of an tithyroid antibodies which may be included in pathogenesis of the disease or only represent "silent witnesses" of autoimmune processes. During the evaluation of thyroid function serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones are determined and due to these concentrations the diagnosis of manifested or subclinical disturbances of thyroid gland is set. Detection of antibodies specific in dominant thyroid auto antigenes represents confirmation of autoimmune pathogenesis of the disease. The concentration of TSH and thyroid hormones in blood may be influenced by some diseases and drugs, so abnormal values can be detected in absence of diseases of thyroid gland. In the serum of a tested person heterophilic antibodies, rheumatoid factors or other antibodies may occur which reduce the number of specific interactions in the assay, causing increased or decreased concentrations of hormones or autoantibodies. A great number of methods used in in vitro diagnostics differs very much by sensitivity which should be considered during the interpretation of laboratory results. This study presents the most important methods used in diagnostics of autoimmune thyroid diseases., U dijagnostici autoimunskih bolesti štitaste žlezde koriste se brojne in vitro metode kojima se procenjuje tireoidna funkcija ili ispituje prisustvo antitireoidnih autoantitela koja mogu biti uključena u patogenezu bolesti ili samo predstavljati "neme svedoke" autoimunskog procesa. Pri proceni funkcije štitaste žlezde određuju se serumske koncentracije tireostimulišućeg (TSH) i tireoidnih hormona i na osnovu njihove koncentracije postavlja dijagnoza ispoljenih ili subkliničkih poremećajafunkcije štitaste žlezde (hipertireoze ili hipotireoze). Potvrdu autoimunske patogeneze bolesti predstavlja detekcija antitela specifičnih za dominantne tireoidne autoantigene (receptor za TSH, tireoidnu peroksida zuitireoglobulin). Na koncentraciju TSH i tireoidnih hormona u krvi mogu uticati neka fiziološka stanja, bolesti i lekovi, tako da se abnormalne vrednosti mogu detektovati i u odsustvu bolesti štitaste žlezde. U serumu ispitanika mogu biti prisutna heterofilna anti tela, reumatoidni faktori ili druga auto anti tela koja smanjuju broj specifičnih interakcija u testu prouzrokujući povećanu ili smanjenu koncentraciju hormona ili autoantitela. Veliki broj metoda koje se koriste u in vitro dijagnostici veoma se razlikuju prema osetljivosti, što treba imati u vidu prilikom interpretacije laboratorijskih rezultata. U ovom radu su prikazane najvažnije metode koje se koriste u dijagnostici autoimunskih bolesti štitaste žlezde: Graves-ove bolesti i Hashimoto tireoiditisa.",
publisher = "Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac",
journal = "Medicus",
title = "Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vitro diagnostics, Autoimunske bolesti štitaste žlezde - in vitro dijagnostika",
pages = "30-23",
number = "2",
volume = "4",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_158"
}

Živančević-Simonović, S., Đukić, A., Matović, M. D.,& Dimitrijević, L.. (2003). Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vitro diagnostics. in Medicus
Univerzitet u Kragujevcu - Fakultet medicinskih nauka, Kragujevac., 4(2), 23-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_158

Živančević-Simonović S, Đukić A, Matović MD, Dimitrijević L. Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vitro diagnostics. in Medicus. 2003;4(2):23-30.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_158 .

Živančević-Simonović, Snežana, Đukić, Aleksandar, Matović, Milovan D., Dimitrijević, Ljiljana, "Autoimmune thyroid diseases: In vitro diagnostics" in Medicus, 4, no. 2 (2003):23-30,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_intor_158 .